Article 17 of the Indian Constitution abolishes the practice of untouchability and prohibits its practice in any form. It declares that the abolition of untouchability is a fundamental right and makes it a punishable offense under the law. The full text of Article 17 is as follows:
“Untouchability is abolished and its practice in any form is forbidden. The enforcement of any disability arising out of untouchability shall be an offence punishable in accordance with law.”
The practice of untouchability, which is rooted in the caste system, was widespread in India before independence, particularly in rural areas. It refers to the exclusion of certain castes or communities, called “untouchables” or “Dalits,” from social, religious, and economic activities. Dalits were considered as “polluting” and were denied access to public places, education, and basic human rights.
The Constitution of India recognizes the importance of social equality and the abolition of untouchability as a fundamental right. The government has taken several steps to eradicate the practice of untouchability and improve the socio-economic conditions of Dalits. Various laws have been enacted to protect their rights and ensure their participation in the social, economic, and political life of the country.
However, despite these efforts, untouchability and discrimination against Dalits still persist in many parts of India. The enforcement of Article 17 remains a challenge, and there is a need for continued efforts to eliminate untouchability and ensure social justice and equality for all.